Designing Critical and Secondary Information in Augmented Reality Headsets for Situational Awareness
by Julia Woodward 1,* 
, Jesse Smith 2, Isaac Wang 3 , Sofia Cuenca 4, Jaime Ruiz2
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
2 Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
3 Department of Computer Science, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807, USA
4 Department of Computer Systems, Farmingdale State College, Farmingdale, New York, 11735, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Journal of Engineering Research and Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 3, Page # 1-15, 2023; DOI: 10.55708/js0203001
Keywords: Augmented Reality, Situational Awareness, Design
Received: 22 November 2022, Revised: 10 February 2023, Accepted: 24 February 2023, Published Online: 23 March 2023
APA Style
Woodward, J., Smith, J., Wang, I., Cuenca, S., & Ruiz, J. (2023). Designing Critical and Secondary Information in Augmented Reality Headsets for Situational Awareness. Journal of Engineering Research and Sciences, 2(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.55708/js0203001
Chicago/Turabian Style
Woodward, Julia, Jesse Smith, Isaac Wang, Sofia Cuenca, and Jaime Ruiz. “Designing Critical and Secondary Information in Augmented Reality Headsets for Situational Awareness.” Journal of Engineering Research and Sciences 2, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.55708/js0203001.
IEEE Style
J. Woodward, J. Smith, I. Wang, S. Cuenca, and J. Ruiz, “Designing Critical and Secondary Information in Augmented Reality Headsets for Situational Awareness,” Journal of Engineering Research and Sciences, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1–15, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.55708/js0203001.
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Abstract
Augmented Reality (AR) headsets are being used in different contexts (e.g., the oil industry, healthcare, military); however, there is a lack of research and design recommendations on how information should be presented in the AR headset displays, especially for aiding users’ situational awareness. We present two studies: one examining if existing findings on the perceptibility of three types of visual stimulus (color, text, shapes) can be applied to AR headsets for critical information, and one analyzing three different presentation styles (Display, Environment, Mixed Environment) for textual secondary information in AR headsets. Our study on secondary information is an extension of prior work. For critical information, we found that existing visual perception findings can be applied to AR headsets; there is a hierarchy of salient visual features. Understanding that we can utilize prior work on visual features helps in designing salient critical information for AR headset displays. For secondary information, we found that having the text in the Display and Environment presentation styles assisted in participants’ perception and comprehension when compared to the Mixed Environment presentation style. Based on our results, we provide design recommendations on how to present critical and secondary information in AR headset displays to aid in users’ situational awareness, which is essential in safety crucial domains such as the military.
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